Saxony's electors and kings were passionate art collectors and acquired art treasures of immeasurable value over the centuries. With the royal treasure chamber, Elector August laid the foundation in 1560 for the first Dresden collection, which was already one of the most famous attractions in Europe in the 17th century. The collectors' items grew rapidly in numbers and variety, so that it already became necessary to found specialised museums in the 18th century. The collections have been property of the state since 1924 and today make Dresden one of the most important museum cities in Europe.
The best-known museum of the Dresden State Art Collections is almost certainly the Old Masters Art Gallery in the Semper Museum Wing of the Zwinger, whose most famous exhibit is the Sistine Madonna by Raffael. The New Masters Gallery in the Albertinum on the Brühl Terrace presents important works from the Romantic period to the present day. The same museum building currently also houses the Green Vault, the world-renowned, materially most valuable German collection with over 3000 precious artefacts. The subjects of the further 25 Dresden museums range from transport to military History, from technical innovations to books. Needless to say, notable special exhibitions are also held
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